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Diplomatic Afterlives, by Andrew F. Cooper
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No longer content to fade away into comfortable retirement, a growing number of former political leaders have pursued diplomatic afterlives. From Nelson Mandela to Jimmy Carter, and Bill Clinton, to Tony Blair and Mikhail Gorbachev, this set of highly-empowered individuals increasingly try to make a difference on the global stage by capitalizing on their free-lance celebrity status while at the same time building on their embedded ?club? attributes and connections.
In this fascinating book, Andrew F. Cooper provides the first in-depth study of the motivations, methods, and contributions made by these former leaders as they take on new responsibilities beyond service to their national states. While this growing trend may be open to accusations of mixing public goods with private material gain, or personal quests to rehabilitate political image, it must ? he argues ? be taken seriously as a compelling indication of the political climate, in which powerful individuals can operate outside of established state structures. As Cooper ably shows, there are benefits to be reaped from this new normative entrepreneurism, but its range and impact nonetheless raise legitimate concerns about the privileging of unaccountable authority.
Mixing big picture context and illustrative snapshots, Diplomatic Afterlives offers an illuminating analysis of the influence and the pitfalls of this highly visible but under-scrutinized phenomenon in world politics.
- Sales Rank: #3335028 in Books
- Published on: 2014-12-15
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.50" h x .70" w x 5.48" l, .52 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 186 pages
Review
"This is an excellent book. It studies the global role of former leaders, frames it within the broader setting of the shifting nature of global governance, and elucidates its many dimensions with great verve and gusto. In shifting from the general to the particular (with its detailed, mini-portraits of individual leaders) Cooper makes the narrative come alive. The book makes an important contribution to the literature on diplomacy and IR more generally."
Jorge Heine, Wilfrid Laurier University
"Cooper superbly uncovers the emerging phenomenon of life-after-politics for policy entrepreneurs with global celebrity status, a phenomenon about which the rest of us are only superficially aware. He both explains and conceptualizes the trend, carefully scrutinizing its limits and opportunities for global governance."
Geoffrey Wiseman, University of Southern California
About the Author
Andrew F. Cooper Professor of Political Science at the University of Waterloo.
Most helpful customer reviews
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Best suited for politicos and policy wonks...
By AmazonFan
Diplomatic Afterlives by Andrew Cooper takes a look at the role of world leaders after they have left political office.
Despite being less than 200 pages, this is a very intense and academic read, which, unfortunately will keep this from appealing to all but the most die hard of politicos and policy wonks.
Cooper uses a handful of former presidents and prime ministers to illustrate the growing trend of elite leaders returning to the world stage to engage in "citizen diplomacy."
These "hyper-empowered" individuals are the uber A-List of political celebrities (Cooper mentions a few B-List leaders as well).
Like a talking head on a Sunday morning political talk show, Cooper micro-analyzes the post-political life of Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton, Nelson Mandela, Tony Blair and Mikhail Gorbachev.
While Cooper's research was informative, I felt that he left out a key reason behind this growing phenomenon - technology. We live in an age when a video or sound bite can go viral within seconds so politicians - along with individuals like Bill Gates, Bono, Richard Branson and even Angelina Jolie - are given a world stage to advance their chosen political or humanitarian cause.
So while Cooper focuses on specific agendas when dissecting why some political leaders do better than others in their "afterlife," he never mentions that some leaders are simply more charismatic than others and hence, more in demand for their clout and gravitas. Societal shifts play a big part in today's deification of celebrities, athletes and politicians yet this is not taken into consideration in Cooper's analysis.
While the details of how these former world leaders are continuing to use their expertise and sphere of influence is definitely interesting and educational, this book is probably not suited to a casual reader.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Interesting Analysis of an Increasingly Influential Phenomenon.
By mirasreviews
"Diplomatic Afterlives" by Andrew F. Cooper, a professor of political science at the University of Waterloo, is the first in-depth study of the political careers of former heads of state after they left office. Former heads of state have tended to pursue either financial goals or preservation of their legacy, but Cooper observes that a breed of retired head of state has emerged with loftier ambitions. This "distinctive cluster of hyper-empowered individuals" are both insiders and outsiders. "They straddle not only the closed world of the diplomatic club culture but the diverse worlds of nonstate actors." They can leverage both credibility and celebrity, and they can have surprising political clout. Cooper looks specifically at the activities of former US Presidents Jimmy Carter and Bill Clinton, former Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, former South African President Nelson Mandela, as well as some organizations with global agendas.
The first chapter introduces us to the concept of former heads of state as hyper-empowered individuals. At that point, I worried that Cooper might have written a book for academics, steeped in a little too much jargon. I was relieved to find that the bulk of the book is quite readable. Cooper presents the five individuals whose careers he has studied as variations on a theme, some more successful than others, or with different emphasis, so he endeavors to explain why they succeed or do not and what they have that other actors in global politics don't. He begins with President Jimmy Carter, whose mediation and electoral monitoring efforts were "the prototype of the hybrid approach to what former leaders could do in their afterlife." Cooper analyzes the Carter model, its successes and failures and what distinguishes it from NGO diplomacy. Carter, though successful, "stopped short of...the commodification of his brand on a global scale" and completely lacked glamour.
Which brings Cooper to Pres. Bill Clinton, who lacked Carter's moral authority but for whom "celebritization and commodification played a central role." Cooper gives Clinton credit for institutionalizing the approach pioneered by Carter. Pres. Mikhail Gorbachev and Prime Minister Tony Blair are examined in the same chapter, as they were both unable to salvage poor reputations in their own countries but enjoyed more success abroad, Gorbachev in the West and Blair in Africa. They struggled with obstacles to their domestic foundations, so were pushed into transnational roles, if they wanted to do anything. This chapter is interesting for its comments on the role that American culture has played in allowing our former presidents another chance on the political stage, in another role, an opportunity to which other cultures are less amenable. President Nelson Mandela gets his own chapter, as he combined Carter's moral credibility with Clinton's ability to raise money.
Finally, Cooper takes up the topic of organizations that include former heads of state, allowing them to network to help one another achieve global goals. These generally don't include the most well-known political actors, who have their own foundations. Cooper looks at the Global Leadership Foundation, the Club de Madrid, and, particularly, the Global Elders Forum. In the end, Cooper is making the point that individual agency matters in global politics. This idea has been marginalized in the fashionable theories of late. To this end, he presents a thought-provoking analysis of what works in the diplomatic afterlife and why. He doesn't say whether the various foundations and tireless efforts by former heads of state actually do any good. They are politically successful, sometimes on the level of large NGOs. Their real impact, as with the NGOs, is fraught with controversy, a subject for another day. But, as I hear former heads of state and their foundations mentioned with increasing frequency in the news, I am grateful for Cooper's analysis of this phenomenon.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Political Afterlives or a Political Kardashians?
By DACHokie
With DIPLOMATIC AFTERLIVES, Andrew Cooper touches on a more modern trend of prominent world leaders’ who simply refuse to retire following their terms in office. Cooper selectively highlights a few of these “hyper-empowered” individuals and illustrates how they “cash-in” (figuratively and literally) on their global political clout. The results of his study shed additional light on the deeds being done by a handful of individuals (most of which the media readily reports), but never attempts to flesh out what really drives their efforts … altruism or ego?
Cooper’s book is a narrowly-focused work that centers on a select few leaders who have seemingly never retired from their former day jobs. Nowadays, it seems, leading a country is merely a stepping-stone to reach the political and financial pot-of-gold they were unable to attain while in office. These former leaders, freed from the confining chains of an electorate, roam the world to spread their power and influence on an unprecedented scale and making a lot of money for themselves in the process. Cooper claims the model for post-statesmen globe-trotting is Jimmy Carter, a man whose post-presidential passion may be rooted in honest altruism or simply serve as a means to right an arguably flawed presidential legacy. While the author acknowledges both as being possible motivators for Carter’s still-active presence on the national and global stage, he prefers to show support for the more favorable motivator: altruism. And with that, readers are spared from any recap of Carter’s polarizing and reckless meddling in US domestic and foreign policy. Unfortunately, this sets a somewhat skewed tone throughout the book, especially when one considers the individuals Cooper chooses to highlight and how he encapsulates their “political afterlives”.
With Carter providing the initial template, Cooper delves into the post-office careers of Bill Clinton, Tony Blair, Mikhail Gorbachev, Nelson Mandela and, to a lesser degree, Margaret Thatcher. The majority of the book is dedicated to Clinton and Mandela and the author documents how they have considerably expanded Carter’s more modest approach to a politically-active retirement. While one cannot argue the personal motivators when considering Mandela’s storied life, Clinton’s motivations are not-so-easily defined in the book. While much of Clinton’s involvement on the world stage following his Presidency are shown as successful and for just causes, Cooper presents an overly glorified image that tends ignore the considerable wealth amassed by Clinton in his political afterlife and really only factors the political ambitions of his wife to the year 2008. The controversial financial element of Clinton’s globe-trotting has been newsworthy for a while, but really isn’t explored by Cooper, who seems to take “the end justifies the means” approach to Clinton’s post-presidential life. The post-office lives of Gorbachev and Blair are less-favorably presented as being more “dash-for-cash” driven and tend to elevate the statures of Carter and Clinton. Toward the end of the book, we see how the author views those he has selected to examine for his book: the “earnest commitment” of Carter, the “charisma” of Clinton, the “iconic status” of Mandela, the “historical importance” of Gorbachev and the “mixed legacy” of Blair. It may be hard to argue with the list of successes associated with some of these leaders when only the successes are presented. I would have preferred a more critical analysis as to what these individuals could have done, but for some reason, did not or could not. Did some of their efforts make matters worse, was all the money received wisely appropriated? Are these globe-trotting second careers simply a means of supporting a healthy ego and amassing wealth under the guise of being helpful?
In addition to being a rather dry read, DIPLOMATIC AFTERLIVES comes across as an incomplete work. While Cooper brings forward other world leaders towards the end of his book (mostly by listing their participation in post-office diplomacy/cultural gatherings), it is a Carter-Clinton centric work the mostly shows how Clinton expanded/exploited what Carter started. The inclusion of Mandela serves to parallel/support the more positive Carter-Clinton post-leadership careers with Blair, Gorbachev and Thatcher being presented in a negative, contrasting manner. I was hoping for a better picture of the post-office careers of more world leaders than a stereo-typical presentation of a select few. Understandably, Cooper feels that those he selected were the most important (the “hyper-empowered”), but are they necessarily the best choices? I’ve never sensed Gorbachev and Blair as being as “overly-involved” following their terms in office. Hard to believe the political afterlife of Al Gore wasn’t included (even though he was a VP, he certainly threw his weight around the world enough to get a Nobel Prize). It would have been nice if the book could have presented a broader scope of leaders and their post-political careers. While I don’t have a problem with Cooper favoring the works of Clinton or Carter, I felt a more thorough approach could have been taken toward examining the controversial aspects of their legacies to present a more well-rounded understanding to readers.
Are these former leaders working for the good of others or are they simply self-aggrandizing, money-grubbing overnight guests that refuse to leave? DIPLOMATIC AFTERLIVES provides some food for thought, but presents too narrow an approach to the subject matter.
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